SIDEE AYAY ALAABAHA/WAXYAABAHA LAGU SOO EEDEEYO IN QOFKA OO HEYSTA LAGU SOO QABTAY, AY MARAG-MUUJIN (EXHIBIT) U NOQDAAN?
by Garyaq. Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul
Waxa dhacda marar badan in ay bilaysku Maxkamadaha hor keenaan shay ama alaab la leeyahay eedaysanaha ayaa lagu qabtay ama hoygiisa/gaadhigiisa ayaa laga soo helay. Shaygaasi marag-muujin ahaan loo adeegsanayaa ee la leeyahay eedaysanaha ayaa haystay waxa uu noqon karaa mid sharcigu mamnuucay (xaaraan ah) oo ay haysashadiisu dambi tahay sida maandooriye ama mid lagu doodayo in uu eedaysanuhu u adeegsaday fal-dambiyeedka loo haysto.
Waxa dhici karta in uu eedaysanuhu dood ka keeno heysashadaasi oo uu maxkamada ka hor diido waxa loo nisbeynayo in uu heystay. Haddii ay taasi dhacdana sheyga laftiisa ayay su'aali garsoori ka imanaysaa (point in issue) oo ay tahay in laga jawaabo xaqiiqadiisa — in uu yahay marag-gal iyo in kale?
Waayo! inta badan ma arkeysid shay lagu doodayo in uu heystay eedaysanuhu oo ay la socoto wax caddeynaya heysashadaasi, si ay maxkamaddu ugu qanci karto in uu waxaasi yahay marag-muujin marag gal ah.
Tusaale ahaan, looma soo gudbiyo garsooraha caddeyn cilmiyeed (forensic report) oo sheegta in sheygaasi laga baadhay raad-fareed (fingerprints), iyo in raad-fareed laga helay, kaasi oo la mid noqday raad-fareedka eedaysanaha. Sidaa awgeedna uu shaygu yahay marag-muujin cad oo sheegaya in uu sheygani haystay eedaysanuhu. Shay kasta oo lagu doodayo in uu heystay eedaysanuhu iskii uma aha caddayn haddii aan la caddayn in uu heystay eedaysanuhu. Waxa la yaab ah in shaygii marag-muujinta lagu sheegayay oo aan waxba ku dhex jirin (sida bac laga dhex arkayo), in ay cidda maxkamada usoo gudbinaysaa ay inta badan ugu soo gudbiso iyaga oo bilaa faragashi (gloves) ku sida. Sidoo kale cidda leh waan soo qabtayna laga heli karo farahoodii oo ay u keeneen alaabtaasi saldhiga iyaga oo bilaa faragashi ah, ama aan ugu yaran wax iskaga soo qaban.
Maxkamaddu ma waxa ay shay kasta u aqoonsanaysaa in uu yahay marag-muujin sababtoo ah askari bilays ayaa sidaa ugu sheegay, ama isaga oo daba-sida eedaysanaha u keenay? wax kasta oo askari u keenaa ma marag-muujinbaa xataa haddii uu doono ha noqdo sheygaasi mid uu meel kaleba ka soo qaaday? Maragga uu sheygu muujiyay muxuu se yahay, haddii aanu sheygu caddeyn karin xidhiidhka isaga iyo ka dhexeeya eedaysanaha loo tuhmayo?
Waxa hubaal ah in uu Sharcigu aad uga taxaddaray in si dhayal-dhayal ah la iskaga xukumo qof aan loo haynin caddaymo shaki la'aan ah (beyound reasonable doubt). Mabda' ahaan, sharcigu waxa uu qabaa— in la qaatay, qofka oo noqda dambiile bad-baaday inta uu noqon lahaa dambi-laawe la ciqaabay, mar haddiiba aan loo haynin caddaymo si shaki la'aan ah wax u iftiiminaya.
Caddaymaha miisaan ahaan lagu kalsoonaan karaa waa— caddaymaha cilmiyeed (forensic evidence), sida raad-fareedyada (fingerprints) aynu ka hadlaynay, xogta hidde-sidayaasha (DNA), muuqaalada iyo codadka ay kamaraduhu ama tiknoolajiyada kale duubaan, iwm. Sidoo kale waxa caddaymahaasi ka mid ah; maragga ay furaan maragyo goob-joog ah, dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ka madax-bannaan (bilayska ama dhibanaha ashkatoonaya).
Haddaba waxyaabo badan ayaa qaldan oo la sixi karo, haddii ay inaga go'an tahay in caddaalad la gaadho.
Inta sixitaankaasi ka horeysana garsooraha ku go'aan-qaadanaya waxyaabahaas ee asbaabta xukunkiisa ku salaynaya ayay masuuliyadda ugu badani ay if iyo aakhiraba saaran tahay.
