Friday, December 2, 2016

WARBIXINTII UGU DAMBEYSAY EE ABAARAHA; WAX MA KU QAADATAY XUKUUMADDA SOMALILAND ?





Warbixintii ugu dambaysay ee Haayada Akshan Aydh (Action Aid) ka samaysay xaaladda abaaraha ee Somaliland, waxay ahayd bishii January 2016. Waxaanay warbixintani sheegaysay sidan;

"Somaliland waxa soo foodsaartay xaalad abaareed oo aad u daran. Waxaana lagu qiyaasay in ka badan  240.000 qof inay saamayn doonto xaalad cimileedka qallafsan, ee EL-Nino. Gobollada ay aad u saamaysay waxa kamida Maroodijeex, Gabilay, oo iskugu jira Xoolo-dhaqato-beeralay, iyo xoolodhaqato reer guraa ah. Gobolladani oo sida caadiga ah loo tixgaliyay inay yihiin halka ay ka jirto quud-beerashadu dalku (Food basket)

Hadaba roob la'aantani oo xidhiidh ahayd labadii sannadood ee u dambeeyay. ayaa hoos u dhigtay wax soosaarkii beeraha iyo xoolihii la dhaqanayay, ee ay nolosha qoysasku  ku tiirsanayd.

Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland waxay si rasmiya u iclaamisay xaalada abaartan, 8-deedii Aug, 2015. Waxaanay Dawladaha Qaadhaanka bixiya iyo Ururrada Caalamiga ah ee ka shaqeeya Gurmadka aadamaha ka dalbatay in lala soo gaadho cunno, biyo iyo gar-gaar caafimaadba.

Haayadda Akshan Aydh, ayaa samaysay warbixin lagu qiimaynayo xaaladda abaaraha bishii December, 2015. Ujeeddada laga lahaa qiimayntani waxay ahayd in xog ururin dhab ah lagu sameeyo xaaladda dhabta ah ee ay ku suganyihiin bulshadii ay saamayeen abaaruhu, si loo ogaado heerka ay gaadhsiisantahay baahiyaha aadminimo ee jira waqtigan iyo kuwa kale ee kusoo foolka leh mustaqbalka fog.

Waxaana daraasaddan qiimaynta ah kasoo baxay:

  • 12,300 qof oo ah 5% qoysaskii, 2015 ( 5% kamida Tirada Guud) ee dadweynaha ee ku sugan tuulooyinka gar-gaarku gaadhay, ayay aaad u saamaysay xaaladdu, 108133 qof oo kamida 18021 qoys ( oo ka noqonaysa 40 % tiradaasi) ayay xaaladdoodu halis tahay. 
  • 35%-40% ayay soo foodsaartay biyo la'aani iyo xoolihiina ka dhammaadeen. In ka badan 50% ayaan biyo ka heli doonin meelihii deegaankooda ahaa ee ay awalba biyaha ka heli jireen. 
  • Biyaha yar ee kusii hadhay ilihii amma meelihii biyuhu ku kaydsanaan jireenna waa kuwa aan caafimaad ahaan, aadamuhu isticmaali karin 
  • Xaaladda cunno yaraantu, amma cunno-helidda la aaminsanyahay (Food security) waxay maraysaa halkii ugu hoosaysay.  89 %  qoys ayaan haysan keyd cunto. Qoysasku sii haysta kayd cunneedna, waxay 74 % kamid ahi ay kasoo iibsadeen cunnada ay haystaan suuqyada, halka in kalana ay xoogaa gar-gaar ah ay ka heleen bulshada. Intooda bdan qoysaskaasi ma haystaan dakhli amma xoolo ay kusoo iibsadaan cunto, halka qiimaha joonyadduna uu u dhawyahay in uu libinlaabmo. 
  • Qoyasaska danyarta ahi waxay yareeyeen xaddigii cunto ee ay karsan jireen, halka ay qadaan waqtiyada qaar amaba aanay helin nooc kamida cuntooyinkii ay qaadan jireen ( sida hilib, caano iyo khudaartii ay markoogii hore isticmaali jireen). 10% kamida qoysasku waxay ku sugnaayeen macaluul todobaadkii lagu gudo jiray Qiimaynta. 
  • 35% qoysaskaasi waa kuwo hal waqti wax cuna, halka 55% ay laba waqti isku dayayeen waxaan ku fillayn. Xaaladdaasi oo aad u taabatay caruurta, dumarka iyo dadka da'da ah, nafaqo darrona ku keentay. 
  • Macalluushu iyo nafaqo-darradu waxay saamaysay in ka badan 50% caruurta, dumarka iyo dadka da'da ah. 
  • 35%-45% xoolihii la dhaqanayay waxay la le'deen biyo iyo baad la'aan. Sidoo kale waxa xoolaha soo foodsaaray xanuuno ka dhashay geshi-xumada abaaraha. 
  • Waxa la miciinsaday caruurtii, oo loo diray hawlo ka badan intoodii hore, halka 48% ay lasoo daristay nafaqo-yaraani, 46% kalana ay u nugulyihiin caafimaad xumo ku timaadda. 
  • Xukuumadda uma diyaarsanna, mana hayso imkaaniyaadkii ay ku waajihi lahayd waxyeellooyinkan ay sababeen musiibooyinka abaaruhu, awoodna uma laha ay ku samayso dhaqaalo ururin. 
  • Haddii la waayo gu'gan amm roob xilliyeedkii sannadkan 2016-ka, amma aanay noqon roobabku kuwo ku filan deegaannada oo ay kaga soo kaban karaan abaarihii xidhiidhka ahaa ee Dhacdada ELnino; xaaladdu intan way kasii darnaan doontaa.

By Abdirahman Muse; Communication Officer (Somaliland Team)
(oo baahiyay warbixintan oo ku qoran afka Ingiriisiga, Khamiis, 14-kii, Jeenawari, 2016).
Waxaana tarjumay Garyaqaan Maxamed Axmed Abdi Bacaluul. 

Monday, September 26, 2016

WAA DUNI. by Abwaan Fu'aad C/laahi Digaale.


Fu'aad C/laahi Digaale. 
Maansadan WAA DUNI,  waxa tiriyay abwaan Fu'aad C/laahi Digaale. Waxaanay soo baxday bishan September, 2016. Inkastoonan hayn iyadoon dhammaystiran, waxaan annigoo ah, mulkiilaha boggan,  bacaluul5.blogspot,com, aan halkan idiinku soo gudbinayaa qayb kamida maansadaasi oo ka hadlaysa waaqaca nololeed ee maanta jira.  Waxaanan idiin ballan qaadayaa in aan inta kale ee ka haddhayna diin soo gudbiyo maalmaha dambe haddii Alle yidhaahdo. Waxaanay maansadu tidhi sidan; 

Waa duni gedaafiyo, 
Xintan loo gurmanayoo,
Nimaad garabka haysiyo,
Gacalkaagu doonnayn,
Garoon laysku soo baxay,
inaad gool ka dhalisoo,
Soo hoyso guul wacan,

Waa duni nin guunyiyo, 
Hanti siiyay Guulluhu, 
Uu ka gibil madawyoo,
Gaajadu ka reebnayn. 

Waa duni kalgacaliyo,
Xiisaheedu guuroo,
Qosol gaws dambeedkiyo,
Gunta loo banneeyoo,
Qalbi hoos ka gudhaniyo,
Geed-ismarisku badanyahay.


Waa duni god hoosiyo,
Guntimooyin badanoo,
Sida goodir aadmiga,
Misna loo gabraartoo,
Wax kaa gubanayaa jirin.

Waa duni garteediyo,
Samaheedi guuroo, 
Gadh caddaadigeedii,
Xaajad gorfayn laa, 
Gasiin maalin joogiyo,
Uu gambooyin dhaafsado.

Waa duni dantii guud,
Ninkii loo gardaadshee,
Loo dhaarshey geyi idil,
ay siisay garashadu, 
Gur-gur iyo qabiiliyo,
Xigtuu garabka saariyo ,
Gobollaysi laga tagay.

Waa duni giraantii
Gees ula wareegtoo,
Gabbal daye sidiisii,
Xasanaw labada galin,
Sirtii gogol dhiggeediyo,
Qorshaheedu gacan galay
Gaariye siduu yidhi,
Gurracii baraarkiyo, 
Naylaha ka gaabshaa,
Kadin geela loo diray. 

Waa duni garsoorkii,
Gabal dhacay ka joogtoo,
Gardarrada Xumaantiyo, 
Gefku uu, u gaaryahay,
Gacan gudhan ninkii qaba.

Waa duni godkeedii
Guhaan uga xidigin jiray,
Geedi dheer ka guurto,
Dadkii galab carrow iyo,
Guuro socod u daashaday, 
Dooni gabi dhaclaysiyo,
Danlamooday geerida,
Nolashii ka,  doorroon. 

Waa duni gugeedii
uu galawgu dhiillada,
Guuxiisa reenkiyo,
Hillaaciisa galac yidhi,
Galaayuuska foodhida,
Waayeel gaboobiyo,
Gurbood aanu ladi jirin,
Sabannadanba gobollada,
Giddigood kamuu di'in,
inuu gudhana la arkee,
Haddaan Guulle loo noqon, 


"Dhammaad"








Monday, September 19, 2016

SAAMIQAYBSIGU MA XEELAD, XILLIGEEGAA LALA SUGAA? By Garyaq, Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul.


Garyaqaan Bacaluul 
Ceebteenna maaha,  ee waa cadadeen!

In marka ay xilli-doorasheedyadu kaabiga ina soo saaraan, muddo xileedyaduna, ay gabaabsi soo noqdaan, inay inta kuraasta haysataa ay qiil aan jirin raadsadaan, aqalka Guurtiduna uu waha
bku ka kaco, oo ay sheekadoodu iyo shir-hoosaadyadooduba bataan. 

Maantana waa gaddeedii iyo gab-gabteedii !

May ahayn markii koowaad ee saami-qaybsigu la is-weydiiyo xilli  aan suurtogal ku ahayn in la gudo galo dooddeeda iyo hawlaha ballaadhan ee ay salka ku hayso. Waxa ka hadhsanaa 3 bilood oo kaliya, muddadii doorashada, markii ay Golihii hore ee wakiiladu ansixiyeen in la sameeyo tiro-koob qaran, oo lagu saleeyo, saamiga kuraasida ay Gobolladu ku kala yeelanayaan Aqalka hoose. Waxaanay qabyada farsamo ee  hab-xeereedka Doorashada, iyo Xil-gudasho la'antoodii, ay hore ugu heleen xil-kordhin. Markaasi oo ahayd sannadkii 2001-dii.

Markii la fahmay inay ka cago-jiidayeen qabyo-tirka qodobka doorashada eek u saabsan saamiga, ayay Maxkamaddu Dastuurigu soo saartay go’aan ay ku laalayso qodobaddii xeerka ee waajibinayay tirakoobka, lana soo saaray go’aan soo afjaray caqabadii xiligaasi hortaagnayd geeddi-socodkii nidaam doorasheedka. 


Go'aanka Maxkamaddu umuu jeedin tiro-koobka, balse wuxuu u jeeday xil-dhammaystayaashii Aqalka dhaafi la'aa. Waxaanay arrintu kusoo ururtay, sidii xilka looga fujin lahaa, loona samayn lahaa xeer ku-meel gaadha oo lagu keeno, xildhibaanno dhaama oo si dhab ah uga wakiila shacabka,  kuna yimaadda codkooga.


Golihii cusbaa ee hadaba la doortay, qodobkii saamiqaybsiga halkii ma ka dhaqaajiyeen?  maya.

Maantana sidiibuu saami-qaybsigii kuraasidu, u yahay caqabad farsamo oo hortaagan nidaam doorasheedka. Wuxuu golahani, fadhiyay shan sannadood oo la doortay, iyo shan kale oo loo gartay, oo ah muddo ku filan oo  lasoo ban-dhigi karayay, si ballaadhan, oo furanna looga doodi kariyay arrinta Saami-qaybsiga Kuraasida iyo sidii lagu waajihii lahaa, balse may dhicin.  

 Shirkii Axsaabta ee Saamiqaybsiga G/wakiilada. 
Masuuliyaddu xeer-dajintu maaha mid saaran Muuse Biixi iyo Faysal Cali Waraabe. Mana aha mid Guddoomiyaha Wakiilada kaligiis saaran oo cidduu doono kale sheekaysan karo. Mana aha mid aan khusayn Saleebaan Nuurka Guurtida ee mar-mar la arko iyo guurtidaba. Balse waa waajib Dastuuriya oo saaran labada aqal ee  Baarlamaanka inay dejiyaan, xeerarka laga maarmaanka u ah, talada iyo hoggaaminta dalka

Goddoomiye Cirro, hadduu musharax yahay, yaanu hilmaamin inuu sidoo kale ahaa,  wakiil kamida wakiiladii lasoo doortay. Isaga iyo xildhibaannada kale ee la midka ahina,  ay ballan iyo dhaar u qaadeen, shacabkan miskiinka ah, inay gudan doonaan waajibaadka Dastuurku ku qaybiyo. Waxay ahayd inay isaga iyo aqalkiisuba uga hadlaan Saami-qaybsiga mar hore, sidii cajiibka ahayd ee ay uga doodeen heshiiskii DP-WORLD oo kale. Inay isugu habar-wacdaan dibad iyo gudaba, sida ay mooshinnada kale een ajandaha ugu jirinba, ay yeelaan markay wax ka dhex arkaan.

 May ahayn, in  uu Guddoomiye Cirro, kaligiis uu Madaxweynaha ku yidhaahdo; saami-qaybsigaas Si uun madaxweyne ka yeel. Isagoon Golihiisii ku odhan sidaynu ka yeelnaa, inaggay hawshu ina sugaysaaye. 

Maxkamadda Sare ee JSL.
Maxkamaddii Distooriga ahayd, hadday awal ahayd meel aan lagu dhiirran,  oo la yidhaahdo kii Sharci ahaabaa miiskeeda yaalla,  ay Xisbiyaduna aanay xafiiltankooga iyo dacaayadahooga siyaasiaga ee warbaahinta ka socota aanay la hortagi jirin, maanta waxay ogaadeen, inay Maxkamadda lafteeduba kaftanka ka badiso. Waxay  ogaadeen, inay ka sheekayso Doorashada, ishana ay ku hayso halka ay ciyaaruhu marayaan

Maxkamaddu iyadaaba muddo-kor-dhinta jidaysa oo tidhaahda kuwii horeba waa loo kordhin jiray, iyadoonnay balaayo jirinna, qodobadii balaayooyinka wax ku kordhisa. Qodobada 42 (3) iyo 83 (5) ee Dastuurka.  Maxkamaddu waxay malaha ,  ina  leedahay, doorashooinka  oo la haleeli waayaa,  oo Dawladda ku hawl-bataaba kama dhacaan waxay qodobadu sheegayeen. Si kastooy ahaataba fasiraaddeedu waa kama dambays, waana sidaas ku liq. 

Ma Qodobadaan Qodobadii ahayn, misa afkay ku qoranyihiinbaa, afkeennii ahayn ?


Qasriga Madaxtooyada JSL.
 Madaxweynaha laftiisa ayaaba qaba in doorashada wakiilada lasii durkiyo,  
Wuxuu maantana Maxkamaddii Dastuuriga ahayd ka codsamayaa inay siduu doonayo u yeesho, oo ay go’aankeedii hore u buriso. Maxkamaddu waxay fasiraad sharci samaysaa Marka uu jiro;
1. Qodob Dastuuriya, ama xeer oo la isku hayaa, 
2. Qodobkaasi oo ay isku hayaan dhinacyo kale duwan, 
3. Dhinacyadaasina ay qabaan doodo kale duwan oo ku waajahan qaabka loo dabaqayo qodobkaasi. 

Markaasi, fasiraadda sharci waxay soo bixi kartaa, marka ay Maxkamaddu doodahaasi dhagaysato, taasi oo awood u leh inay dhagaysigaasi kadib, soo saarto go'aan fasiraadeed oo ay ku ayidayso mid kamid doodihii dhinacyada. Waxaana sidoo kale,  u furan inay deeddafayso doodahaasi, soona saarto fasiraad cusub oo jidaysa mabadi'i sharciyeed. 
Hadaba,  Xaqiiqo ahaan saami-qaysigu maaha qodob sharciyeed oo fasiraaddiisa la isku hayo. Markaas waxaad iswaydiinaysaa, waxa uu madaxweynuhu doorkan ka rabo, Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah:  Maxay tahay dib-u-eegista laga rabo Maxkamaddu? Taas jawaabteeda waxa kuu haya Xeerka Nidaamka Garsoorka , Qodobkiisa 6-aad ee ka hadlaya Awoodaha iyo Dhismaha Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah



Madaxweynuhu  wuxuu inoo sheegay, sida uu, uga xunyahay dadka wax tabanaya ee dalkuna tabayo. Wuxuu ka hadlay, Sool iyo Awdal, Sanaag barigeeda, dumarkii codka badnaa iyo in aanay Beelihii la haybsoocayay ka muuqan Golaha Wakiilada.

Dastoorka halkay kaga jirtaa in tabashooyin iyo saamiqaybsi toban sannadoodba laga hadli waayay, xil lagu kordhiyo?  

 Misa anaaba Dastuur hadal haya, oo waa laga baxay !

Mudane Madaxweyne, markaad ahayd Guddoomiyihii Kulmiye, waxaad samaysay liis ka kooban 82 Musharrax oo  ka socday Xisbigaad Guddoominaysay. Waxaad lahayd awooddii ugu sarraysay, markay noqoto soo xulistii  iyo kala reebistii musharixiintaasi xisbiga u safanayay . Hadaba inteebay ka ahaayeen dadkaasi  aad tilmaantay, 82-kaasi Musharrax ?

Haddii aad markaasi  Siilaanyo ahayd oo aanad Madaxweyne ahayn. Maantaba  sidii madaxweyneyaasha wax  ma u qaybisay?  inteebaad  dadkaasi aad  gaarka u tilmaantay, ay ka yihiin Golahaaga  Wasiirada  iyo masuuliyiinta kale eed dikreetadaada ku magacawdo?]

Haddii ay dadku aamuseen, mid wax arkayay, iyo mid iskasii jeedayba, Aamusnaantaasi, sharci-darrada kama dhigayso sharci. beenta kama dhigayso run. Xaqa iyo baadilkuna siday kala ahaayeen uunbay kala yihiin maanta iyo berriba, waana sunnahuu Ilaahay u  dhigay nolashan iyo tu ka dambaysaba.

By Garyaqaan Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul (waddi12@gmail.com)

________________________________________

Lifaaq;  

Xigasho; .Further Steps to Democracy-Progressio.














Sunday, August 7, 2016

SINGABUURTA AFRIKA



RUWANDA; SINGABUURTA AFRIKA

 Haddii ay Ruwandi iska dhigi karto Singabuurti Afrika miyaanay Somalilandna iska dhigi karin Ruwandadii Geeska ?



Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul.
Waxaan aad u la dhacay maqaal aan ka akhriyay Jaraaidka la yidhaahdo (The economist) oo soo baxay 2012-kii. Cinwaanka maqaalku wuxuu ahaa; Singabuurtii Afrika (Africa's Singapoore). Taasi oo uu qoraagu sheegay sida Ruwanda  la ogyahay xilligii dib-u-dhiskeeda la hirgaliyay ay ugu naaloonayso, inay noqoto Singabuurtii Afrika. Waxaan Maqaalkan oo aad u dheer aan ka soo qaatay intii uu qoraagu isku bar-bar dhigay  Ruwanda iyo Singabuur. Waxa markaa igu soo dhacday bal ha i dambayso Singabuure, Somaliland ma noqon kartaa Ruwandada Geeska?.

Waxaan la diidi karin, in aanay Somaliland aqoonsiga ay Ruwandi haysatoo kale haysan, balse aynu isku eegno inta ay Jariidadan Maraykanka ahi u qirtay reer Ruwanda ay iskood u qabsadeen, markaas baynu is waydiin karnaa ma  la imannay kartidaas, haddaynaan se laba iman, ma leennahay kartidaas iyo garashadaas?

Qoraalku wuxuu u dhigan yahay sidan;

    "Ruwaanda waxa laga wada warqabaa inuu ka dhacay xasuuq ba'an, oo sahayday in ka badan (500,000) qof, sannadkii 1994-kii. Malaha Ruwaandi Galladaha (advantages) ay leedaha Singabuur. Singabuur waxa ku taalla dekadda ugu shaqada badan adduunka, Ruwandina malaha Bad. Singabuur waxay kamid tahay dalalka ay da'yartoodu ugu aqoonta iyo farsamada badantahay adduunka, halka ay Ruwandana dabaqadeedii dhexe, ee waxbaratay, ay ku leedday xasuuqii ka dhacay. Sigabuur waxay u furantahay, oo ay kadin u tahay Shiinaha oo ah dalka ugu dadka badan adduunka. Halka ay Ruwandana, ay ood-wadaag yihiin dawlado aan la hayn dawladnimo, balse loo aaminsanyahay dawladnimadooda sida rooxaantaba loo aamino. Sida mac-hadka Legtum ku sheegay warbixintiisa, hareeraha waxa ka xiga Yugandha oo uu Musuq-maasuqu saldhigay, Burundi oon dhaafin caloosha xukuumaddeeda, Koongana hadalkeedaba daa.


Hadana Ruwandi waxay ku hammiyaysaa inay noqoto Singabuurta Afrika !


Waayo?

Ruwandi waa dal isku maamulay wuxuu dhigtay ( Rule of Law). Mana jiro dal Afrikaan ah oo mawqifkay ka istaagtay musuq-maasuqa wali ka istaagay, oo wasiiro u xukumay sideeda. Haayadda caalamiga ee la yidhaahd (Transparency International) oo daba-gasha hab-dhaqanka maamul ee dawladaha, ayaa tidhi waxay daah-furnaanta maamul ee Ruwandi ka sarreeya wadamada Giriiga iyo Talyaaniga. Taasi oo uu ka marag-kacay John Ruxin, oo Kigaali ku leh maqaayad laga cunteeyo oo magaceeda la yidhaahdo, Heaven. Waxaanu yidhi ninkani " waligay maan bixin laaluush, cid igu leh waan bixiyay oo lagu kallifayna maan arag".  

Waa dal uu nidaamkiisu maamul fur-furanyahay oo aan khad-casi (xeyndaab) hor oollin dedweynaha adeeg-doonka ah. Waxaanu kaga jiraa adduunka kaalinta 45-aad, markaad eegto Qiimaynta uu sameeyo Bangiga Adduunku. Kaalintaasi oo aanu jirin qaran Afrikaan ah oo horteed gaadhay.xataa Koonfur Afrika iyo Muuriishasna dhahoo. Ruwanda, Qofka saddex cisho ayay ku qaadataa inuu samaysto shirkad cusub oo diiwaangashan.

Dhaq-dhaqaaqa Ganacsi ee sare u kacay waa mid uu abaalkeeda leeyahay Mr Kigame. Walaw uu yahay Madaxweyne lagu kala aragti duwanyahay (controversial) oo lagu eedeeyay inuu qabto doorashooyin is-yeel-yeel ah, hadana wuxuu qaaday tallaabooyin uu ku joojinayo seeska iyo nidaamka is-maamul ee haayadaha dawladdu ku shaqeeyaan. Waxaanu garawsanyahay, in aanu dalkiisu ka baxsan karin, inuu mar labaad, ku noqdo halkuu kasoo kiciyay, haddii aanu ka dhigin meel qaniya. Sidaa darteedna, wuxuu ka dhigay degel fir-fircoon,oo ganacsiga iyo hanti-yeelashadu ay si fudud ugu hanaqaadi karto. Taasina waxay libin-laabtay dakhli-cashuureedka dawladka, tan iyo laga soo bilaabo 1994-kii"
Hadaba usoo noqo Somaliland. Somaliland waxay leedaha Dekad istaratiijiya, halka aanay Ruwandi lahayn Marso badeed ay adduunyada kala xidhiidho. Waxaanay sida Singabuur, ay Somaliland dhinaca ku haysaa in ka badan boqol milyan oo Itoobiyaana oon lahayn bad. Inkasta oo ay sida Ruwaanda kasoo doogtay Dagaalo galaaftay da'yar badan, hadana waxay yeellan kartaa xoog iyo da'yar oo u kacay lagana faaidaysan karo, waa haddii lala yimaadoo nidaamka waxbarasho oo tayo leh. Somaliland waxay haysataa gallado iyo nasiib aanay haysan Ruwandadaasi, waanay dhaafi kartaa Ruwanda, haddii ay la timaado kartidii Maamul ee lagu xakamayn lahaa musuq-maasuqa baahsan, ee ay fudaydisay habacsanaanta nidaam, iyo is-xisaabin la'anta ka dhex jirta haayadaha dawladda. Taasina kama soo hadho, niyadda iyo rabitaanka hoggaanka siyaasadeed ee kolba talada haya. 


Tuesday, June 28, 2016

President Silanyo: Why the UK should support a sovereign Somaliland. by Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud Silanyo.


An independent Somaliland would provide security in a strategically sensitive region, a growing market for goods and services, and an important bulwark against extremism.
President Silanyo of Somaliland meeting former UK Foreign Office minister Henry Bellingham in 2011. Credit: FCO.
On 24 June 1960, The London Gazette published a proclamation by HM the Queen terminating British protection over the Somaliland Protectorate and declaring that Somaliland would become ‘’an independent country” on 26 June. That day, in Somaliland’s capital, Hargeisa, the union flag was lowered for the last time and the US Secretary of State sent a message of congratulation.  Five days later, Somaliland voluntarily joined Italian Somalia to form a new state: the Somali Republic.
It was a disastrous mistake for which Somaliland continues to pay.  The brutal Siyad Barre regime provoked a civil war in which over 50,000 Somalilanders were killed and hundreds of thousands of fled.  Following the implosion of Somalia, our people exercised their right to self-determination, dissolved their failed union with Somalia on 18 May 1991 and reclaimed their independence.
Today, mass graves from that terrible era continue to be found, but Somaliland has managed to move on. In sharp contrast to Somalia, our people built their own internal peace with minimal outside involvement and from the grassroots up.  We have established a viable democratic state in which power transfers peacefully from one party to another in internationally-monitored elections.  And we have developed key institutions including a judiciary, army and police force.
We have also worked hard to develop the economic potential of Somaliland. Last month, we signed a 30 year agreement with DP World to manage the strategic Port of Berbera. Significant investment in the port and the road corridor that links Berbera with the Ethiopian border will be unlocked, and Ethiopia plans to import and export 30% of its goods through Berbera. This will help create jobs for our people and Somaliland will become more integrated in the regional economy.
Meanwhile, Somaliland plays an active role in UK and international efforts to combat extremism and piracy in the Horn of Africa. We dedicate significant resources to security and our people co-operate with our security forces to prevent al-Shabaab getting a foothold.
We want to see a stable and peaceful Somalia and have lessons to share from our experience of peace-building and democratic governance. But Somaliland’s integration into Somalia would only destabilise Somaliland without achieving peace in Somalia. A realistic solution must be found which acknowledges our people’s right to self-determination and takes into account the realities on the ground.
Although Somaliland enjoys a strong legal basis for statehood under customary international law, Somaliland is still denied international recognition. This is both deeply unjust and short-sighted. If Somaliland were recognised, it would be able to access international credits and attract FDI, strengthening our economy. This would create jobs, deterring our young people from migrating to Europe or joining extremist movements.
Our exclusion from international forums denies our people the right to be represented and heard on issues of global concern. Although Somaliland suffered from a serious climate-induced drought this year, causing widespread loss of livestock and livelihoods, we had no opportunity to contribute to the climate change talks in Paris.
We are deeply grateful for the support which the UK has provided to Somaliland in recent years, especially the development assistance from the Department for International Development (DfID), the training for our armed forces, and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office’s help in facilitating talks between Somaliland and Somalia in 2012.
Nevertheless, we believe the UK could do more. As the former colonial power, the UK has a unique understanding of Somaliland and its history.  Many Somalilanders have made the UK their home and are eager to contribute to modern British life.  Yet the British government sometimes seems more concerned with the fate of the former Italian colony of Somalia than the former British Protectorate of Somaliland.
Our people would like the UK to help them with their desire to be recognised as a sovereign state.  In 2001, the people of Somaliland voted overwhelmingly in favour of independence and  successive elections have returned governments which support recognition. A recent petition started by Somalilanders calling for recognition has already garnered half a million signatures.
Britain needs to show some leadership and restore the recognition which it granted Somaliland in 1960, encouraging other states to do the same.  Recognising Somaliland represents not just the ‘right’ thing to do, but enlightened self-interest: Somaliland will provide security for Britain in a strategically sensitive region, a growing market for British goods and services, and an important bulwark against terror and extremism in the Horn of Africa.
Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud Silanyo is the President of the Republic of Somaliland
published in African Arguments site on 23rd of May 2016 by Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud Silanyo.

Friday, June 17, 2016

MA QARAAR MAXKAMADEEDBAA MISE WAA QAR-QOOSH ? by Garyaqaan Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul (waddi 12@gmail.com).




Garyaq. Maxmed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul. 
Halkan kagama hadlayo;  sax iyo qalad wuxuu ahaa Codsi-ku sheeggii wasiirku uu ku rabay in lagu laalo Rukhsadda Qareen Guuleed Dafac, oo aan odhan karo waxay ahayd uun arrimo siyaasadeed iyo arrimo kale oo hore uga dhexeeyay Wasaaradda Caddaaladda iyo Xarunta Xuquuqda Aadamaha ee uu Qareenku Guddoomiyaha ka yahay.  Waxaan ka hadlayaa, Qoraalka kasoo baxay Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare, iyo bal inuu waafaqsanyahay Habraacii Garsoor (Adjudicative Procedures) ee ku dhignaa Xeerarka. Tallaabo kasta oo ay Maxkamaddu raacdo ama Qaraarkasta oo ay soo saartaana, waa Qodob sharci oo si gaar ah arrin uga hadlaya. Waana sababta loo yidhi  Maxkamaddii Sharciga (Court of Law), een loo odhan Maxkamaddii Hebel (Court of Men).


Fadlan akhrista ila eeg, waxaan ku leeyahay intaanad akhrinna bal horta adiguba akhri qoraalka Maxkamadda ee sawirkiisu hoos ku lifaaqanyahay;



1. Marka hore waxa dhokumantigan ku yaal astaamihii uu lahaan lahaa Dhokumanti Maxkamadeed oo rasmiya.

2. Hadana Maxkamadi kama dhex hadlayso, ee shaqsibaa hadlaya, oo malaha Maxkamaddu waxay samaysay sidaas iyo sidaas,,,, balse wuxuu ku bilaabmayaa ( Aniga oo.....),
 eeg Sawirka Qoraal ee ku dhigan hoos. 

3. Maxkamadda waxa horyimaadda dhinacyo, ugu badnaan sita magacyadooda shaqsiga.  Taytallada xileed sida (taliye, mudane, wasiir iyo meeyor, iwm) laguma xuso qoraallada Maxkamadda, gudaheedana lagama yidhaado, Haddii la doonayo in la sifeeyo dhinacyadana, waxa loogu yeedhaa    (dacweysane iyo dacwoode) haddii ay  ciqaab tahayna ( eedaysane iyo dhibane). Halkana waxa ka muuqata (MUDANE WASIIR) taasi oo ku tusaysa, in aanay dhinacyada is-hayaa, aanay Maxkamadda horteeda ku sinnayn.

4.  Codisgan wasiirku sifahuu sito ma garan karo, ma dacwad maamulbaa, Haddii uu sidaas yahay codsi maaha waa inuu noqdaa Cabasho. Haayadaha maamulna inta badan go'aan ay leeyihiin ayaa laga cabtaa ee iyagu shicibka kama cabtaan,  waayo, iyaga ayaa awood fulineed leh oo saamayn ku yeelan kara xuquuqda shicibka.

5.  Haddii  se laga dhigo cabasho wasiirbaa, waxay ahayd in dhinaca kale ka jawaabo, oo aanay Maxkamaddu ka jawaabin, balse ay isku dhagaysato kadibna sidii nidaamku ahaa qoraal Summad Dacwadeed leh oo galkeedu diiwaangashanyahay laga soo saaro Qaraar. Bal imika maxay Maxkamaddu ku diiwaangalisay Qoraalkan rasmiga ah ee kasoo baxay illeen dacwad may furine? Ma dadkay la sheekaysataa Maxkamaddu?

6.  Mawduuca Qoraalka waxa ku taal JAWAAB, balse maxkamadi jawaabteeda kuma sheegto "jawaab", balse waxa uu noqdaa QARAAR amma GO'AAN.  Erayga Jawaab ama jawaab-celin waxa lagu suntaa qoraallo dhex mara dhincyo siman, sida Dacwoodaha iyo Dacweysanaha, amma Dambi-oogista iyo Dhibanaha.  Maxkamaddu se uma jawaabto ee way amartaa dhinacyada.

7.  Dulucda arrintu waxay ahaan lahayd Maxkamaddu miyay sidan uu wasiirku codsaday kaga qaadi kartaa Ruqsadda Qareenka? Hadday tidhaado HAA waa inay sababayso uun, oo aanay raacin haddalo kale oo ka baxsan dulucda oo mac-macaanayn ah. Hadday tidhaahdona MAYNA sidaas si leeg.  Eeg Faqradaha ama paragraphyada 4aad iyo 5aad  iyo weedhaha dheeraadka een meelnaba haysan ee ku jira qoraalka Maxkamadda. 

8. Haddii aad odhan lahayd Qoraalkani waa mid maamul oo ay laba haayadood iskaga jawaabayaan, maaha sidaasi, waayo, waxay arrintani khusaysaa Xuquuq Shaqsiyeed, oo la isku hayo, Liisanka ma laga qaadi karaa X ? waa su'aal la xidhiidha Xuquuq Xirfadeed oo laga go'aan gaadhayo, sidaa darteed ayay arrintu u tahay mid u taal qaab dacwadeed, Qoraalka Wasiirkuna intaanuu codsi noqon, waa ashkato ka dhan ah Qareenka uu rabo in ruqsadda laga qaado.  

9.   Imika sidan waxa uu Aadan Xaaji Cali ku bixiyay Liisan  abadiya, waayo wuxuu Faqradda ugu dambaysa ku yidhi " Wuu sii wadanayaa ku shaqaysiga Xirfadda Qarreenimo". Halka aanay marka horeba jirin meel ruqsad lagaga joojiyay,  oo ay taasi jawaab u tahay. Balse haddii aan sideeda u raaco, qareenkuba uma baahnaba ruqsad dambe, xataa haddii ay tani ka dhacdo, mar haddii aad qoraal maxkamadeed oo tii u sarraysay ah lagu yidhi wuu sii wadanayaa.... illaa goorma? ma cadda !  Cid kaloo, amarkaasi ka hor iman kartaa ma jirto, meel rafcaan looga qaato oo ka sarraysaana ma jiro.

10.  Maxkamadda Sare waa miis tashiya oo dhammaan wixii yimaadda lagu eego fadhi buuxa (5-7 Garsoore) amma fadhi aan buuxin oo ah (3 Garsoore), balse maaha xafiis Guddoomiye oo qudha oo wuxuu doona iska saxeexa. Meeshu maaha wasaarad iyo haayad fulin ah, ee waa Garsoor, waxay soo saartaana waa wax ku yimid Gar laba dhinac ah. Halkan hoosana waxa ku saxeexan Guddoomiyaha oo qudha.

11.  Marka dacwad amma arrin Garsoor laga soo saarayo Qaraar, maaha in la isticmaalo Taytal kale sida Professor iwm, waayo erayga Garsoore ayaa ah taytal oo ay ahayd inay ku filnaato Guddoomiyaha amma inuu isticmaalo taytalkii lagu magac caabay oo ah Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare, haddiiba uu gartay in uu kaligiis waxan iska qor-qortoba.














Wednesday, June 8, 2016

TOBABARKII AANU QAADANNAY MA DAN QARANBUU AHAA, MISE MASHRUUC GAARUU AHAA? By Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul.


Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul.
 Waxaan ahaa tar-tame,  kamid ah shan iyo labaatan sharciyaqaan oo ku guulaystay imtixaan ay wasaaradda Caddaaladdu ku qaadday Hoolkeeda, bishii 11aad, 2015. Imtixaankaas  oo la yidhi ciddii soo baxda waxa loo qaadanayaa Garsoorka. Waxa igu maqaalo ah inay Guddida caddaaladu ahayd Idaacadda ka baahisay Fursaddan Xirfadeed ee u faran tartamayaasha.  Ma garanayo imtixaanka cid soo diyaarisay, inay tahay wasaaradda lafteeda amaba Guddida Cadaaladda, balse waxa aan ogahay uun,  in imtixaanka qaybtiisa afka ahayd  (interview-ga ahayd) aan ugu galay qol yar oo ay soo fadhiyaan, Wasiirkii hore ee Caddaalada, Xusseen Caydiid, Maxamad Cumar Geelle oo ah Garsoore ka tirsan Maxkamadda Sare isla markaan xubin ka ah Guddida Caddaaladda Qaranka, iyo nin la yidhaahdo Cabdinaasir oo ah sarkaal ka tirsan hayadda UNDP.


Waxaa lasoo gaadhay natiijaddii, waxaan isku iminnay isla hoolkii aanu imtixaanka ku galnay oo si ka duwan sidii aanu imtixaanka ku galnay loo habeeyay. Waxa la sudhay boodh wayn oo sheegaya inay tahay Munaasibaddu Xafladi Furitaan  oo loo Agaasimay Tobabar Xirfadeed oo loo qaban doono Garsoorayaal Cusub. Ma garan karo, in xataa hablaha laga dhigayay Garsoorayaal, balse waxaan sheegayaa uun wixii ku qornaa meesha. 




Haddii aanu imannay, Ciddii Masraxa loo habeeyayna way timid, waa Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare  ( Aadan X, Cali). Waa Wasiirkii Caddaaladii ( Xuseen Caydiid), waa Sarkaalkii UNDP-da (Cabdinaasir…), waa Isku duba ridaha Mashruucan , Axmed Diiriye Qaalib oo isla subaxdii aanu imtixaanku galaynaya isna loo magacaabay Garsoore Maxkamadda Sare, horana aanu shaqo-wadaag u ahayn mar aanu ka shaqayn jirnay Jaamacadda Hargaysa (waaxda Taakulaynta Sharci ee bilaashka ah siisa dadka laga Itaalka badanyahay).   Waxaan dhagaysannay Khudbad inteeda badan aan ku sheegi karo inay haddidaad ahayd, oo ku saabsanayd, waxaanu la kulmi doonno, haddii  aanu noqonno goo-gooys, haddii lana arko annagoo meel kale u shaqa tagayna, haddii aanu shaqo haynana, aanu isla maalintaas go’aansanno iska-casillaadeeda. Waliba wuxuu Wasiirku nagu amray inaanu gacanta taagno haddii uu jiro mid naga mida oo shaqo kale hayaa. Saddex  aan kamid ahaa  ayaa taagay. Waxaanay kala ahaayeen  Siciid Nuux, Cabdalla Daahir iyo inan la yidhaahdo Muna… Kadibna wuxuu isla halkii nagu amray in aanu shaqooyinkii iska soo casilno, haddii aanu rabno in aanu tobabarkan galno. Sidiiina waanu yeelnay. . 

Waxa madashaasi laga yidhi wixii laga yidhi, oo aanan halkan lagu soo koobi karin, waxaanse ka xusuusan karaa uun in Aadan Xaaji Cali, isna meeshaasi ka hadlay, sheegtayna inuu kamid ahaa, raggii tababarkan bixinayay, isla markaana nagu dar-daaray isna in aanaan lumin fursaddan qaaliga ah, waliba aanu noqonno kuwo ka duwan,  kuwii naga horreeyay oo uu yidhi qaarkoodbaa khasaariyay tobabarkii la siiyay.

Madasha may joogin warbaahinta kala duwani ee dalka ka jirtaa, balse hal kamarad oo qudhaata ayaa lanala dhex wareegayay. Taasi oo ahayd tii Tv-ga Qaranka. Wax kasta oon halkan ka sheegayana iyadaa ka markhaatiya, marka laga yimaaddo asxaabtaydii kale  ee hareeraha iga xigay.

Toddoba bilood ayaa lana siin jiray casharro, aan wax badan ka duwanayn kuwaan jaamacadda kusoo qaadannay. Marka laga reebo labadii bilood ee u dambeeyay oo la na siiyay tobabar ku saabsanaa qaabka ay Maxkamaddu Dacwadaha  u dhegaysato, looga doodo, go’aankana ay u gaadho. 6-da bilood ee kale waxaan ku imanayay cago-jiid, waayo maan joogin xilli aniga  la ii akhriyo kowdhadhka Ciqaabta iyo Madaniga ah. Waxay ahayd uun maskax daalis ama waxa afka qalaad lagu yidhaa (boringness). Waxaase, meesha nagu qasbayay, rajaddii aanu qabnay markay toddabadaas bilood dhammadaan, balse may ahayn ($ 200 ) ee  basraaca iyo nusasaace ahaan,  lanoo siin jiray.

Waxa dhammantayo  lanaga xaraystay shahaadooyinkii Jaamacadda, oo aanan anigu waliba raalli ka ahayn. Iyadoo lagu doodayo inaanu ugu shaqo tagayno meelo kale. Aniga iyo inan kale oo la yidhaahdo Cabdalle Daahir ayaa ka dhiidhinnay taasi, balse waa lanaga batay, oo 23-kii kale ee tobabarte ayaa ogolaaday amarkaasi sharci-darrada ah,  ee ay wasaaradda lafteedu ka xishootay inay qoraal ahaan nagu farto, balse ay usoo diratay innamada shaqaalaha u ah. Waxaan xasuustaa, shaqadaydii iyo fursadaha shaqo ee kale, ee la iisoo bandhigay, ee aan wallaahi lumiyay, intaan ku gudo jiray tobabarkan. Waayo, waxaan ku dhaafayay waxay ahayd, rajadaydii,  ahayd in aan Garsoorka ka hawl-galo. 

Maxaan Garsoorka uga doorbidayay, Shaqadaydii een u dhaafsaday tobabarkan?

Waxaan Garsoorka,  u arkayay inay tahay meesha ugu habboon ee uu qofku ku tijaabin karo xirfaddiisa iyo kartidiisa aqooneed. Waxaanan aaminsanahay, haddii aad tahay sharciyqaan aan Garsoorka ka hawl galin, inaad tahay dhakhtar aan waligiis Cusbitaal ka xaadirin. Taasaana igu kalliftay inaan tago, meel ay ka muuqan karto xirfaddayda Sharciyeed oo aan uga doorbiday in aan dhex fadhiyo xafiis ku shaqeeya,  mashruuc haayadeed oo aan si toosa ugu shaqayn Qarankan. 

Maxaa isbadalay?



Markii mashruucii UNDP-du, ee marna tobabarka lagu sheegayay dhammaaday, wixii lagu cunayna lagu cunay, ayay runtii soo baxday. Waxa fashiliyay Guddoomiyaha laftiisa oo afkiisa igu yidhi mar aan xafiiskiisa ugu galay, qoladiinan iyadoon waxba loo ogaynbaa la iska kiin qaatay, kuma jirtaan Miisaaniyada 2016-ka. Waliba wuxu intaas ku daray, “Xataa kuma jiri doontaan miisaaniyadda dambana” : siduu isaga  laftiisu dammaanad sii haysto in uu Guddoomiye si ahaan doono illaa 2017-ka iyo in kale. Weedhaasi lafteeda dhagaha ugamuu duwin kawa kale ee ila mid ka ah. Waxa  sidoo kale isku meeraysatay Wasaaradda lafteedii, oo marna noo soo diraysay Maxkamadda Sare.  Agaasimaha Guud ee Wasaaradda, oo ah nin hadallo cad-cad ayaa  si saraaxiya ugu doodayay;  inay iyaga shaqadoodu ahayd fulinta tobabarka, tobabarkiina ay siduu ahaa u fuliyeen oo aanu jirin wax iskugu kaaya hadhay.  

Qoladayadii subax walba kaalaya la lahaa ee xaashida Xaadiriska la daba sitayna, waxaanu soo gaadhnay xilli la garan waayo waxa meesha na dhigay ee aanu ka qabanayno. Waxaanu soo gaadhnay,  xilli la isku kaayo tuur-tuuro, oo aanu ku dhacno meel dhexe (in the middle of nowhere).
Maanta waxaan jeclaan lahaa, iyadoo oo u joogo wasiirkii hore ee Cadaalladu, waayo isagaa yidhi anigaa mashruucan saxeexay, madaxweynahaana ila saxeexay, haddiise uu mashruucani rumoobay intii uu wasiirka ahaa, halkay maanta wax si ka noqdeen?  Ma kartidiisa shaqsiyeed ayuu ku meelmarin jiray kuwaas hore, oo mashruucan ayaa dhammaday xilli aanu wasiir ahayn? Mise ka dambe ayaan ku jirin Qorshahaba oo wuu sii ogaa, buuqa ka dambeyn doona?

Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda laftiisa looga warrami maayo mashruucan, oo siduu sheegayba wuxuu ka ahaa tobabare. Wuu joogay xafladdii furitaanka, markii lanagu lahaa waxaad qayb ka noqonaysaan Garsoorka, isagaa xafladda noo furay, oo haddana noo xidhay isagoo sidii hore si ka duwan u hadlaya. Waxaanse garan waayay sababtoo markuu noo furayay xafladdan, ee uu nagu lahaa ha iska luminina fursaddan qaaliga ah, noogu sheegi waayay in lana luggooynayo, siduu markii  dambe ee aannu dhammaysanay noogu sheegay. Ee aanu qofna dhagaha uga duwin. Angia markuu sidan igu lahaa waxa iga soo horjeeday oo dhinac fadhiyay, Garsoore,  Maxamed Cumar Geelle , isna waxba kamuu odhan arrinkaasi,  inkastooy ahayd in uu ka hadlo sida lanoo soo luggooyay, waayo wuxuu  kamid ahaa kuwii imtixaanka  naga qaadayay; aamunsnaantiisu tolow, ma waxay caddaynaysaa inuu isna luggooyadaasi qayb ka ahaa? Mooji wallaahi !

Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare wuxuu ku dooday in aanu mashruucani Dib-u-habayntu Caddaaladdu ahayn mid ku kooban Garsoorka oo qudha. Taasi oo macnaheedu yahay in aan tobabartayaashan lagula soo meeraysan Garsoorka balse lagu kala baahiyo haayadaha kale duwan ee Dawladda. Wuxuu doonaba ha ahaado, mashruuca dib-u-habaynta Caddaaladdu, waxa se aniga iyo inta lamidka ah naga khuseeya intii naga khusaysay,  oo ah heshiiskii la nala galay. Waxa lanaga wada saxeexay heshiis nuxurkiisu ahaa inaanu noqonayno tobabartayaal Garsoor (Judicial interns) kaasi oo xataa, noogu qornaa Kaadhadhkayagii aqoonsi  ee aanu wax ku baranaynay. Waxa la noo sheegay inay na qaadatay Guddida Caddaaladdu, inay iyadu warbaahinta ka baahisay fursaddan bannaan, isla markaana Maxamed Cumar Geelle oo ah ku xigeenka Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare, isla markaana ah,  xubinta ku xigta Guddoomiyaha, markay yihiin Guddida Caddaaladda, ayaa imtixaan-afkeedkii naga qaaday, isla markaana saxeexay liiska intayadii soo baxday.

 Haddii ay arrintu sidaas tahay, goorma ayay Guddida Caddaaladdu iyo Guddoomiyuhuba  awood sharci u yeesheen inay soo xulaan amaba ay Madaxweynaha usoo jeediyaan Lataliyayaal sharci oo ay yeelan doonaan haayadaha xukuumaddiisu?

Guddida Caddaaladda waynu naqaannaa doorkeeda (Constitutional mandate), haddii aanay magacaabistayadu u oollin Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare , miyaanay ahayn inuu hareer iskaga leexiyo dadkan lasoo hortubay ee laleeyahay waxa loo toobabaray inay Guddidu magacawdo?. Miyaanay ahayn inuu si rasmiya u caddeeyo, oo uu ka baxo waxbaan idin la day-dayayaadan uu leeyahay, mar haddii aanay taasi shaqadiisaba ahayn?

Marka laga reebo, UNDP, haddii uu Wasiir yahay, ama ay yihiin Guddoomiyayaal Maxkamad Sare amma Guddi Cadaaladeedba, waxay ku dhaarteen inay Qarankan Daacad u noqon doonaan, Daacadnimadaas oo ah in aanay Umadda  Been u sheegin. Sidaa darteed, waxa maamul ahaan iyo sharafba u ah inay la yimaadaan mawqif cad,  oo ay ka baxaan,  is-daba wareegan iyo weedhahan isburinaya ee lanagu madadaalinayo. Waayo annaga waxa la noo qaatay,  hab daahfuran, oo la mariyay baahin, tar-tan, waxaana shan iyo labaatankayaga lala galay heshiis qoran oo caddaynayay waxa lanaga rabo iyo waxaaanu ku dambayn doono haddii aaanu kasoo baxno waxyaabaha lanaga rabo, waxa lanoo diiday inaanu shaqo kale ka shaqayno intaanu tobabarkaaasi ku jirnay,

Sidaa darteed waxaan u arkaa meelkadhac inay nagu tahay, in maanta lana yidhaahdo halkii la idin kala gayn lahaabaan la garanayn. Miisaaniyaadda kuma jirtaantii langu lahaana waxa beenisay garsoorayaasha cusub,  ee afar cisho ka hor la magacaabay, iyadoo liiskayagii horyaallo Guddoomiyaha. Taasaana dadweynaha jawaab ugu filan, isla markaana ku tusaysa sida uu Nidaamku u kala socdo, ee loogu jaahwareerayo.
 
Haddii uu mashruucani ahaa mid Qaranka dan u ahaa, oo ka ballaadhna shaqaalaysiintayada, maanta doodduba anagoo qudha may ahaateen. May ahaateen miisaaniyadda kuma jirtaan iyo meelahaasbaa wax la idiinka baadh-baadhayaa . 

Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul. 


Monday, May 2, 2016

SOMALIALAND; THERE IS A LIGHT AT THE END OF THE TUNNEL by Mohamed Ahmed Abdi Ba'alul.

Mohamed Ahmed Abdi Ba'alul. 

The background board behind the stage, where the chief of justice, the minister of justice and the UNDP officer were seated, was enough to be a surprise to the well-dressed aspirants. They completed 7 months long intensive judicial training.  They looked smart in their official outfits, as the general aspect of their mood shows.  Trainees  were ready to hear a good news from the stage, after passing through strict internship program hosted by The Ministry of Justice.  According to the internship Contract, trainees were supposed to be appointed as judicial officers; ranging from judges, deputy attorneys and court clerks.


Even wall-attached fans failed to produce a cool air, when the occasion’s kick-off, had turned into heated brawl . Controversial speeches over the aim of the internship program and the hazy destination of the interns, seems to be a disappointing experience to the audience.  Mr Adam Haji Ali went along with the Attorney General in his view, not to shoulder all the burdens of the recruitment. Both of them, alerted that they have overstaffed, bustling environment that could not accommodate further appointees.

You could smell the sense of confusion from their wary tones. Really, it was the time that everyone should admit how much he is fed up to hear the news of awaiting candidates.



The long silence of the onlookers was suddenly stirred by the din of the beverage-serving guys. Speeches were interrupted, and attentions were deflected from the stage. Then Adarre’s nothing-to-worry conclusion have been warmly applauded. The soothing breath of hope brushed the sullen faces and forced them to smile at the pie in the sky.


By Mohamed Ahmed Abdi Ba’alul.











Sunday, March 20, 2016

SEEKING VOTES FROM THE VICTIMS OF THE DROUGHT.


SEEKING VOTES FROM THE VICTIMS OF THE DROUGHT.

 By Mohamed Ahmed Abdi Ba’alul.




Mohamed Ahmed Abdi Ba'alul.
All living creatures are looking up the pale sky, pleading for the mercy of Allah, as the South Eastern monsoon winds herald the rainy weather.  Desperate eyes are looking up the sky, expecting to see the fluffy, cotton-like clouds under the blue roof, or to sniff the sweet aroma that introduces the drops of mercy to the barren and brown country. Animals that once produced milk and meat, or promised cash to their fellow pastoralists, are reducing in to fleshless frame of bones.  The fear of oppressive death came to every haggard, down-trodden cow, sheep or goat with looks that tells you that they this time cannot make it anymore.

Emaciated and dehydrated, cows could not hitch up the weight of their rattle bones from the ground; they cast pleading stares to their empty-handed Guys who could not return the favour of the old good days. Though, it was speechless, they had the instinct to understand the sentence of death or farewell from the eyes of the desperate human fellows.

The nature told us, when the sky become pale, the earth becomes pale too. All green pastures that looked like a green-carpeted fields grew in to brown, dust-filled floors. Due to the scorching heat plus absence of moisture, plants sacrificed their stiff, blade-like leaves to the nature. Grasses and weeds edged back to their roots to cope with the harsh conditions of the dryness, or to dodge away from the invading mouths of their predators. The exhausted and sapped earth was left nothing to offer to its dependents. Its surface were crusted, a thin hard crust that hold bare leafless stalks and branches, which are as ugly as the horns of monstrous evils . A crust that when it was broken, the dust forms. Every moving thing lifts dust into air, a walking man makes a layer of dust as high as his waist,  while a vehicle on the dirt road is leaving clouds of dust that will be long to settle back again. As the sky continues to seem like that, the earth had nothing, except plumes of dust and misleading water-like hazes of the Kaleel heat.





As the funerals of starved animals become a daily scene in every region, the nature is now,  starting to ring the bells of death to the humans too. Recently, the first five humans, who regarded themselves as sacred souls, and citizens of this republic have been reported dead as the victims of droughts.  The death of human being is the next thing that everybody with a thinking head could reasonably predict to see at any moment.  Because it was apparent that government  and its NERAD had failed to make us  prepared for the worst, despite of early distress calls. 


It is not a rainy spring, but a political spring. Thirsty and hungry people came out of their huts, whenever a sign of coming dust turned ups from the roads. Later,  brown smog  approached to prove itself as neither winds of rain, nor the water-carrying tankers, but a column of vote-seeking Land-cruisers with presidential nominees, government officers and MPs on their boards.  The sight of these Lad-Cruisers were the feeling of a let-down to the awaiting mob, whom with their perched throats, hardly swallowed the lumps of truth. 

The smell of the hot stinging dust has covered the noses of the help-seeking crowds, as soon as  racing cars came into halt. Men stood, silent with dismay, whereas women had come out from their house, chose to stand beside their husbands this time, but not behind them as usual. Together, they stood shoulder to shoulder to face the front-line of the political mockery.

Poor nomads!  The pure culture of hospitality and values of generosity are what forced them to show a welcoming gesture to their guests; pretending fake smiles and gathered their strength to subdue the furies swelling inside them. They had been providing banquets and serving dishes brimming with the meats of their hardly survived cattle to the suit-wearing fools from Hargiesa. Fools that never had bothered to share their sympathy to the impoverished communities or feel the shame of seeking vote from the help-seekers. These political trippers reminds you the three imbeciles that were traditionally known as  the three Maanlaawe(s); factitious characters of a Somali folklore.

By Mohamed Ahmed Abdi Ba’alul (waddi12@gmail.com),



Friday, March 4, 2016

XORRIYADDA MUWAADINKA IYO XADHIGA KA HORREEYA EED-DHEGEYSIGA; Maxbuusku, ma Baadhis-sugaa mise waa Gar-suge? by Garyaqaan Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul(waddi12@gmail.com)


"Qofna xorriyaddiisa loogama qaadi karo, si aan Xeerka waafaqsanayn"  Qod 25(1) Dastuurka JSL.


Garyq. Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul. 
Qiimaha nololeed iyo karaamada qofka aadamiga ahiba ma jiri karaan, haddii aanu qofku haysan xorriyad jidheed iyo maskaxeedba. Haddii uu qofku noqdo mid la-haysto, la addoonsado, amaba wal-wal ka qabo sidii uu iskii ugu noolaan lahaa,  isagoon cid kale waxba u dhimin, waxa hubaal ah inay meesha ka bixi doonto xikmaddii iyo dhadhankii ay noloshu lahayd. Iyadoo taasi laga duulayana, waxa muhiim noqotay in la isla meel dhigo waxyaabaha uu qofku ku waayi karo, xorriyaddiisii shaqsiyeed, iyo habka xorriyad-qaadistiisa loo marayaba. 

Qormadani kooban waxaan ku yari eegi doonaa,  habka xorriyad-ka qaadista ee alaaba loo maro xadhigga muwaadiniinta iyo xeeladaha ay Saldhigyada iyo Xarumaha Dambi-baadhistu ay adeegsadaan. Sidoo kale ka madhnaan mayso, qaybta ay ku leedahay goldaloolooyinka ka jiraa nidaam hawleedka Garsoorka, iyo sida aanay xil-weyn iskaga saarin (Xeer-ilaalinta iyo Maxkamaduhu) dhawrista Xorriyadda Muwaadinka. Tanina waa ta keentay inay Saldhigyadu is-dul buuxsamaan, noqdaana meel ay ciddii wax isku sheeganaysaaba ku kala ciil-baxdo, oo qofba, qofkuu ka taag badanyahay saddex askari u soo kaxaysto.

Waxaad arkaysaa, khilaafyo caadiya oo u dhexeeya shaqsiyaad wada-macaamilay, ama isku haysta hanti ay wada/kala lahaayeen oo laga dhigay kiisas ciqaaba,  loona soo xidhay dad shicib ah, iyadoo loo adeegsanayo awood. Waxaad kala garan waayaysaa, mararka qaarkood dacwad-ooge iyo Qareen; dacwad-ooge iyo mukhalas. Nidaamkaaasi is-dhex yaaca ah,  ee aan kala xadaysnayni,  runtii waa mid aan odhan karo; wuxuu sahayday Xorriyaddii iyo Karaamadii Qofka, wuxuuna dadkii ka dhigay in dammaanad-ku-joog ah iyo Saldhig-dhex-joog ah.

Markaad eegto galalka  dacwad-ciqaabeedyada, waxaad arkaysaa inay Warbixin horraadka Bilayska ee eedda lagu dhisay aanay ahayn mid lagu soo helay dedaal baadhiseed, balse ay ahayd; Warbixin-Cabasheedkii ugu horreeyay ee uu Dhibanuhu usoo gudbiyay Saraakaalkii Bilays ee Xilligaasi heeganka ahaa; Ha noqdo Sarkaal Kormeer hawleed ku jira (Patrol Officer) ama mid ku sugnaa Saldhigaba (OP officer). Maragyada meesha ku qoran, badankoodu waa kuwa uu soo tilmaansaday Dhibanuhu, mana aha,  kuwo si madax bannaan lagu soo ogaaday




Waxa iswaydiin mudan, marka ay Xaqiiqada eeddu tahay, mid boqolkiiba sideetan ama Sagaashan,  ku timid, cabasho-saldhigeed oo laga qoray dhibanaha, maragyaduna ay yihiin, kuwii uu dhibanuhu sheegtay, maxuu yahay baadhitaanka la sameeyo ee subax walba muddo-kordhisteeda laga codsadaa Garsoorayaasha? Maxay tahay Xaqiiqo Dhacdeedka hadhsan, ee Xeer-ilaalinta loo sheego in Gun-gaadhkeedii la soo wado?

Waxa is waydiin mudan, waxa keenay,  inay maxaabiistu noqdaan, baadhis-sugayaal, mar haddii ay baadhayaashu u aqoonsadeen inuu yihiin, la-tuhunsanayaasha dhabta ah? Garsoorku ma wuxuu noqday, meel la yidhaahdo noo sii haya qofkasta, inta aanu soo baadhayno; in uu faldambiyeedka loo haysto galay iyo in kale eh? Miyaanay ahayn inay baadhistu ka horrayso xadhigga qofka, oo marka la helo xaqiiqo baadhitaan oo sugan, xaqiiqadaas hordhaceedana (First Information) lagu qanciyo Xeer-ilaalinta iyo Maxkamadda, si uu Garsooruhu, ugu fasaxo soo qabashada la-tuhunsanahaasi?  Waa su’aalo uu jawaabtooda, u baahanyahay muwaadin kasta,  oo usii xidhan, baadhis ku-sheeg aan waxba dambe ku darin ama ka duwin, wixii maalintii hore lagu soo xidhay. 

In la helo jawaabahaasi, waa kuwa, haddii aanad  xataa waxba ka qaban karin, uu damiirku kugu qasbayo, inaad ugu yaraan wax ka tidhaahdo. Sababtoo ah, jawaabahani kama qaalisana, xorriyadda Muwaadinka; xorriyadda maxbuuska bahdilan ee haddaan cidi daba-socon, aan hubno inay maalinwalba cadaaladda sii kala durkayaan. Waa su’aalo, inteenna sharci-yaqaannada isku taqaannaa, ay jawaabtooda ku ogyihiin Xeerka iyo xaashiyiihsa.

Xeerka ayaa ka jawaabaya, culayska iyo dhawrsanaanta ay leedahay Xorriyadda Muwaadinku. Mabda’iisa guudna, wuxuu sheegayaa inay tahay, wax lagu waayi karo uun Amar Garsoore. Marka laga reebo, xaalado kooban oo ay xorriyad-ka qaadista u baahantahay go’aan deg-deg ah mooyaane; sida qofka oo la qabto isagoo faldambiyeedka gacanta kula jira (in flagrante delicto), amma soo qabashada qof baxsad ah,  oo loo tuhmayo fal-geysasho ama maxbuus fakada  (hot pursuit).  Haddii ay haddaba dhacdo, si kastaba ha ku timaaddee in  qofka laga qaado,  xorriyadda dhaq-dhaqaaq ee uu xaqa u lahaa; waxa Maxkamadda laga rabaa inay baadho, sida ay qofkaasi looga qaaday xaqiisaasi, ka hor intaanay eegin  waxa qofkaasi lagu haysto.

 Waayo, Garsooraha, uma cadda wali waxa qofkan loo haysto, balse xadhigga maxbuuska ayaa horta u cad; markaas waxa la gudboon, in uu ogaado, habka loo maray xadhigiisa (wixii la doonaba ha lagu haystee). Waayo maaha in cidda wax eedaynaysaa, ay iyada lafteedu jabiso, xeerkay wax ku eedaynaysay. Haddii ay sidaasi dhacdana,  eedaysanaha laftiisa, ayaa dhibane noqonaya oo lagu xad-gudbay Xuquuqdiisii. Maxkamaddana, waxa u hor caddaan kara, waa Xeer-jabinta la sameeyay markii maxbuuskaasi laga qaadayay Xorriyadda. Sidaa darteed, waa in uu Garsoorahu, bartaasi ku go’aamiyaa Sii-daynta maxbuuska. mar haddii  dhankii lahaa, xeerbuu jabiyay uu isaga laftiisiiba jabiyay xeerkii. Mana jirto, cid ruqsad u haysata,  xataa Garsoorahana dhahoo inay jabiso Xeerka.

Mabda’a Garsoorka ayaa sheegaya, in aan,  eedaysanaha loo aqoonsan dambiile, sababtoo ah, waxa wada Bilays. Taasi oo si dadban kuu tusaysaa, in aanu qofkasta oo ku labisan dirays ama dacwad-ooge ahi, isna loo arkin Mala’iig aan waxba masabidin. Sidaa darteed, waa in aanu Garsooruhu isku arkin mid u  fadhiya, ka go’aan-gaadhista, xaashida eedda iyo codsiyada xadhig-kordhinta ah ee ka yimaadda, bilayska. Balse, waxa ka horreeya in uu tixgaliyo, Xuquuq laawahan, hortiisa jooga, sida lagu horkeenay, sida loo soo xidhay inay xeerka waafaqsanayd iyo in kale, sida loola dhaqmay intuu xidhnaa, dhex-dhexaadnimada ciddaa xadhay iwm.

Xeerka ayaa sheegay, inay Xorriyaddu ka qaalisantahay, in  la yidhaahdo, ha ii xidhnaado qofku, intaan baadhayo amma  aan usoo gacan-baxayo eedayntiisa.Waxaanu Xeerku diiday,  xil-fudaydsi iyo qiil la’aan badheedha awgeed, in ay baadhistu dib-ugu-dhacdo (Qodobka 26aad XHC). Haddii ay jiraan sababo macquulo oo ka baxsan awoodda baadhahana, kuwaasi oo keenay daahistaasi, waxa awaajib ku ah in uu warbixintiisa hore ku daro. Garsooraha ayayna tahay, in uu miisaamo xaaladaha ku gadaaman kiiskaasi, iyo waqtiga xorriyad laawahaasi la haystay amma la doonayo in la haysto iyadoon lala garnaqsan ( Qodobka 39/3, XHC ).  Maaha in qofka xorriyad laawaha ah, lala sugo inta ay dhacayaan 48 saacadood ee qofka lahaysan karo Maxkamad la’anta, iyadoo 3-da saacadood ee ugu horreeyaba la hor-gayn karo. Garsooruhuna maaha, in haddii ay askartu dhayalsato, 48 saacadood ee qofku xorriyad-laawaha ahaa, in uu isna dhayalsado oo uu arko, waxay xaq u lahaayeen inay sameeyeen. Balse waa in la eegaa, bal inay 48-ka saacadood, ay ahaayeen kuwo ku filan oo lagu dhammayn karayay, iyo in aanay ahayn.

Haddii aan 48-kaasi saacadood, ay la koobantahay cidda laydha joogta ee xorriyadoodii haysata, lama fududa qofka xorriyaddiisii iyo karaamadiisii laga qaaday. Sidaasi darteed, haddii aan si adag loo darsin, oo aan lagula xisaabtamin bilayska iyo dacwad-oogista, waxay qabanayeen labadaasi cisho ee, qofku xidhnaa, waxay abuuraysaa in uu xil-fudaydsigoogu noqdo habdhaqan joogto ah, oo aanay wal-wal ku hayn Maxkamadda iyo qofkan uu xorriyaddiisii ka qaadayba. Waxay keenaysaa, isku-hallayn laga qabo Maxkamadda daraadeed, in qofkasta oon caddaymo sugan loo haysan ama la wanjalayoba,  si fudud la iskaga xidho.

Waxa dhici karta, in la iska kaa xidho[i], iyadoo oo ay ujeedadubta tahay, inaad xidhnaato 48-kaasi saacadood; Tusaale ahaan, kaba soo qaad in xadhigaasi,  loo sameeyay si lagaaga carqaladeeyo, hawl-ku socoto,  shaqo,  ama ballan muddaysan ood lahayd.; Markaasi maxay ku taraysaa, 48-ka saacadood kadib,  haddii xorriyaddaadii laguu celiyo? Sii-daynta Maxkamaddu ma daw-marinbaa, Xorriyad-u-celintu ma magdhawbaa? Misa xorriyadu, waa Xaq aad lahayd, leedahay,  lahaanna doonto? Miyaanay Maxkamaddu lahayn awood, ay labada dhinacba tallaabo kaga qaadi karto, misa maxbuuska uunbay ka adagtahay?Hadii ayna sidaasi dhici karinna, maxay tahay Xikmadda gard-qaadista Maxkamaduhu?

Waxa suurtogal ah, in uu miisaanku, u ciiro, dhinaca wax soo xidhay. Maxkamaduna ay ka  garawdo, daraasad ay ku samaysay kadib, duruufaha ku xeeran dhacdo-dambiyeedka, iyadoo ka duulasa waqtiga la haystayna , ay is-waydiiso; waxa la qabtay, waxa qabyada, waxa ku waajib ah inay samayso qaraar Maxkamadeed oo sababaysan. Qaraarkaasi oo ay sii-haynta maxbuuskaasi ku sii fasaxayso, ayay tahay inay ku sheegto, waxyaabaha qabyado ah, ee laga rabo inay dambi-baadhista ama xeer-ilaalintu keento maalmahaasi uu qofku bilaa xorriyadda yahay (Qod. 46/b XHC)[ii].

Qaabka Horgaynta ee loo xalaalaysto sii-haynta maxbuusku, inta ka horraysa eed-dhagaysiga, maaha in uu noqdo qaab illaa xad dabacsan, oo ay Saldhigyadu isku-hallayn kasii qabaan. Mana aha, in markay muddadii hore dhacdo, iyadoon wax tallaabooyin ah oo dheeraad la qaadin, in subax-walba Garsoore kale oon ahayn kii maxbuus-haynta oggalaaday, laga samaysto muddo kordhin kale[iii]. Xorriyadda, maxbuuskuna, way ka qaalisan tahay, saxeex yar oo garsooruhu jaldigiisa dusha kaga duugo, oo qofka sii-haysashadiisa lagu bannaysto. Saxeexaasi,  sidoo kale, wuxuu meel-ka-dhac ku yahay Milgihii Garoorka, madaamo oo aanu wadan Sumaddii, shaambadii iyo faah-faahintii go’aankaasi (sababayntii ogolaanshaha muddo kordhinta, iyo amridda caddaymaha la keenayo).Sidoo kalena waxa uu meesha ka saarayaa, daah-furnaantii laga rabay qaraaradda Garsoorka, sababtoo, saxeexaasi kama tarjumayo qaraar maxkamadeed oo leh tixraac iyo diwaan-galin arkiifiyo oo hadhaw lagula xisaabtami karo ciddii soo saartay.

Mar aan Garsoore waydiiyay, sababta jaldi-ku-saxeexistu looga gudbi waayay, iyadoo maanta ay Maxkamadu leedahay xafiisyo qalabaysan oo daabici kara foomam rasmiya; jawaabtiisu waxay ahayd “lagama gaadhsiin karo in la sameeyo qaraar daabacan”.

“Lagama gaadhsiin karo”, waa jawaab u fudud, sida uu saxeexuba u fududyahay. Waxaanay ku tusaysaa, sida aan waligeedba, loogu hamiyin, in wax laga badalo qaabka, uu Nidaamka Garsoorku u hawl galo:  Ma dhawrka daqiiqadood ee la soo saarayo qaraar daabacan, ayaa ka culus maalmaha, aad  Garsoore go’aamin doonto,  xorriyad la’aanta maxbuus,  eed-suge ah? Miyaanu saxeexaas deg-degga ahi ahayn ee galka dushiisu, ka dhignayn igaga celi waxanoo maxaabiis ah saldhigoogii, oo hawada ii fura?Maxaad ku sababaysay, maxaase mudadii hore ee uu maxbuusku xidhnaa la sameeyay, misa halkiiba lagama dhaqaaqin? Ma sheegay saxeexaagu Garsoore? Waa Maya!

Maalin kasta oo qofku u xidhanyahay, oo laleeyahay baadhis ayaa la wadaa, waxa la rabaa in la ogaado tallaabooyinkii la qaaday oo si cad u xusan. Waayo maalin kasta, oo qofka maxbuuska ah, ay Xorriyaddiisu ka maqantahay, iyadoon waxba lagu caddaynin, waxay ku tahay xad-gudub.  Haddii aanay jirin hawl-baadhiseed,  oo la wadaana kaba sii daran. Si taas looga hortagana, waxa xeerku jideeynayaa Daah-furnaanta Nidaamka Dambi Baadhista. Qodobka 25aad, ee Xeerka Habka Ciqaabta ayaa dhigaya; inay hawlaha baadhistu, iyo tallaabooyinka la qaaday ay noqdaan, kuwa ku faah-faahsan, oo ka  muuqda Jadwal-maalmeedka Baadhista  (Diary of Investigation) laga bilaabo saacadda koowaad illaa saacadda ugu dambaysa ee baadhista lasoo afmeerayo.

 Jadwal-maalmeedkaasi, waa foorm rasmiya oo xambaarsan,  saxeexa taliyaha, iyo Shaambadda Saldhigga, iyo ciddii sida gaarka ah, ugu xilsaarnayd hawlaha baadhitaan. Waana kan, ay Maxkamaddu iyo Xeer-ilaalintuba ay kula socon karaa, kolba halka ay marayaan hawlaha baadhitaan, iyo waxyaabaha kusoo kordhiyay. Kana dheehan karaan, waxa uu ku maqnaa baadhuhu maalin kastoo oo uu maxbuuskani bilaa xorriyad ahaa.  Xil ma la iska saaray dhaqan-galinta Qodobkan? Jawaabtu waa maya;  Haddii aan lagu dhaqmin, yaa ka masuul ah, xil-dhayalsigaasi? Jawaabta waa la garanayaa, doqonna loo sheegi maayo !





Tixraac



[i] Eeg Qodobka 32aad XHC, oo dhigaya in Qodobada Xeerka Habka Ciqaabta ee ilaalinaya Xorriyadda Qofka, iyo Siyaabaha looga qaadi karo, ay tahay Waajib Saaran Maxkamadda guud ahaan, gaar ahaanna, Garsooraha la horkeenay.  Qodobkuna wuxuu u qoranyahay sidan “Provision relating to Arrest to be strictly Observed”. Faqrada 2aad ee Qodobku sidoo kale wuxuu sheegayaa, in uu Garsooruhu awood u leeyahay uu tallaabo kaga qaado, haddii ay cidda xorriyad-ka-qaadistaasi maxbuuska samaysay, ay ku xad-gudubtay ama iyadoon la haysan sababo macquula, waqtigii sharcigu dhigayay lagu keeni waayo hor-keenistaasi Maxkamadda.
[ii]  Qodobka 46aad, xarafkiisa (b) ayaa sheegaya in aanu noqon  amarka sii-haynta (maxbuuska) mid bilaa shuruudo ah oo aan sabab-lahayn. Balse waa in uu amarkaasi uu  dhinaca eedda wata ( Bilays, Xeer-ilaalin) faraa inay waqtigaasi la siiyay gudahood ku dhammaystaan wixii ka qabyo ah, haddii ay u hogaansami waayaana u sheegaa tallaabooyinka ay Maxkamaddu qaadi doonto.
[iii] Qodobka 47aad. Faqradiisa 3aad ayaa sheegaysa, in garsoorihii bixiyay amarka rumaan-garaynta (haynta la-tuhunsanaha inta  horraysa,  eed-dhagaysiga) ayaa la horkeenayaa maxbuuska,7-dii cishoba maalin, si uu u eego oo ula socda, waxa todobadaasi cisho lasoo qabtay, iyo wax wali qabyada ka ah, hawlahii baadhiseed ee qofkani loo sii haystay. Mana aha in kolba Garsoore kale oo aan ahayn kaasi , la horgeeyo la-tuhunsanaha, iyadoo loo dhigayo xadhig cusub amma arrin cusub. Afka ingiriisiga ee xeerkani laga soo tarjumayay wuxuu faqradda 3aad,  kalmada  (the) ka horraysiinaya, kalmada Garsoore (Judge); taasoo ku tusaysa in uu Garsoorahaasi yahay ka ku xusan faqradaha ka horeeyay , oo ah Garsoorihii bixiyay amarka sii-hayntaasi, waayo kaasi ayuunbaa og sababta uu amarkaasi u bixiyay, isla markaana ay tahay in uu la socdo halkay kolba wax marayaan. Marka ay weedha sharci tahay mid guud oo aanay sheegayn Garsoore gaar ah, waxay u taallaa qoraal ahaan ( a judge or a competent judge).

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